Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis) is an inflammatory condition characterized by moderate to acute pain on the outer side (lateral side) of the elbow, specifically associated with the common extensor tendon. This injury occurs with excessive use of the wrist extensors and is usually triggered by repetitive gripping or extension activities such as tennis, badminton, squash, and weightlifting. It is equally common in occupational and leisure activities like typing, sewing, knitting, bricklaying, and gardening.

Clinical Presentation:
The condition typically presents with microscopic tears at the common extensor tendon or its bony attachment point. This damage triggers an inflammatory response that excretes a substance known as fibrin, which eventually converts into fibrosis (scar tissue). This scar tissue is less flexible than healthy tendon fibers, making it prone to re-injury. Furthermore, focal thickening and trigger points develop in the local muscles around the tendon. The result is a perpetuating cycle where the inelastic scar tissue is stretched beyond its capacity, causing it to tear again. This cycle often repeats, leading to a chronic, low-grade inflammatory process.

An additional contributing factor can originate from nerve root compression at the C5 and C6 segments of the cervical vertebrae. This can compromise the nerve supply, causing neuropathy, muscle shortening, and hypersensitivity in the extensor group of the forearm. Objective assessment tests often reveal weakness and pain when resistance is applied to these muscles, making functional tasks like lifting a kettle or carrying shopping bags difficult.

Golfer’s Elbow (Medial Epicondylitis):
Golfer’s elbow is characterized by pain and acute tenderness on the medial (inner) side of the elbow. This affects the common flexor tendon near or on its bony attachment. While the location differs, the mechanical nature of the injury—involving repetitive strain and tendon degradation—mirrors that of tennis elbow.

The KC-Physio Treatment:
ApproachTo break the cycle of chronic inflammation and scarring, we utilize a multi-faceted treatment plan. This includes modalities such as ice, ultrasound, and targeted acupuncture (IMS) at both the neck and the arm to address potential nerve involvement. We perform deep friction massage directly on the tendon structure to break down adhesions and stimulate healthy remodeling. This manual therapy is paired with a graduated strengthening program and ergonomic postural advice to ensure the arm can handle daily loads without relapse.

At KC-Physio, we focus on both the local tendon site and the spinal origins to provide a comprehensive recovery.